The "Bank identity" system in Czech Republic (and likely other countries) can be used to log into to various government services. The idea is that you already authenticated to the bank when getting the account, so they can be sure it is really sou when you log in - so why not make it possible for you to log in to other services as well if you want to ?

> The "Bank identity" system in Czech Republic (and likely other countries) can be used to log into to various government services.

In Poland we have the same setup.