due to the nature of safety in Rust, I’d find myself writing boilerplate code just to avoid calling .unwrap(). I’d get long chain calls of .ok_or followed by .map_err. I defined a dozen of custom error enums, some taking other enums, because you want to be able to handle errors properly, and your functions can’t just return any error.

This can be a double edged sword. Yes, languages like python and typescript/JavaScript will let you not catch an exception, which can be convenient. But that also often leads to unexpected errors popping up in production.

Often is not the word I'd use, from my experience.

The times something like that happened to me AND wasn't a trivial fix can be counted on half a hand. A tradeoff I'd take any day to not have to deal with rust all of the time.