We have exactly what you want - it's called shiplap or car siding.

It's wood that is nailed up in such a way that you can pretty easily remove and repair something and replace it.

However, inside wall things get done so rarely that the cost savings by using drywall more than covers paying someone to patch the drywall after a repair.

A middle ground is to run all utilities at the bottom or top of the wall, and use large baseboards/crown molding to cover it up.