The loom allowed for interchangeable weaving sequences to be saved on a cheap medium for later reuse. Movable type presses didn't make that practical with the cost of fonts.

Here is a 1746 machine loom that used perforated tape, half a century before Jacquard:

https://www.arts-et-metiers.net/musee/metier-tisser-les-etof...

Nor is it first such device. Here is the nice image of barrel with pins that controls the 14th century machine organ:

https://www.pianola.org/history/history_mechanical.cfm

Again, while impact of Jacquard's loom was indisputably huge, ascribing origin of computers to it seems like calling Ford model T the origin of personal transportation.