For Sata HDD shingled writes and SSD sector replacement it can't be cleaned that way.

Tools like dban stopped working once firmware sector re-mapping chips on modern storage became common. If you see the reported spare replacement count drop on your older s.m.a.r.t reports, than partial sectors may no longer be accessed from the OS without vendor specific forensic software. =3

https://sourceforge.net/projects/dban/

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SoftTalker 3 hours ago | parent [-]

hdparm secure erase runs on the drive controller though, the "hdparm" utility just initiates it? So it's not depending on whether the OS can or cannot see specific sectors. At least that's my understanding.

	▲	Joel_Mckay 2 hours ago \| parent [-]
		Even with vendor specific forensic software it is unwise to trust the relocated sector mapping is handled cleanly. A cheap XGecu T76 Programmer can pull orphaned data fragments off most flash chips completely bypassing the drive controller. In this case, the other posts suggesting a hammer is not sarcasm. =3