We don’t have any similar program in the U.S. You seem to be talking about the fact that some states pay a larger share of the federal tax burden. That’s just a consequence of progressive taxation and those states having more rich people.

In terms of federal grants to states on a per-capita basis, Mississippi gets less than California, and a bit more than Massachusetts: https://ffis.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SA24-02-1.pdf. Some of the states with very high grants relative to population are states that have a lot of natural resources and get federal lease payments and things like that.

Also, the gap between richer states and poorer states has closed dramatically. In 1950, the nominal per capita personal income in New York was 2.4 times higher than Mississippi. Today’s it’s about 60% higher. Adjusted for cost of living, incomes in New York today are only about 11% higher today: https://flowingdata.com/2021/03/25/income-in-each-state-adju...