All I can think of, and actually have seen is

1. Bot run a series of steps A through Z.

2. Step X is calling an external system that runs its own series of steps.

3. Some potential outcomes of said external system is if it detects some potential outcomes (errors, failed tests, whatever) is it kicks back an automated process that runs back through the bot/system where said system makes the same mistake again without awareness it's caught in a loop.