What's the best way to get all those points from a backend into the frontend webgpu compute shader?

There doesn't seem to be a communication mechanism that has minimal memcopy or no serialization/deserialization, the security boundary makes this difficult.

I have a backend array of 10M i16 points, I want to get this into the frontend (with scale & offset data provided via side channel to the compute shader).

As it stands, I currently process on the backend and send the frontend a bitmap or simplified SVG. I'm curious to know about the opposite approach.

Not sure, but I solved a similar problem many years ago, and ended up concluding it was silly to send all the data to the client when the client didn't have the visual resolution to show it anyway. So I sampled it adaptively client-side by precomputing and storing multiple zoom-levels. That way the client-side chart app would get the points and you could zoom in, but you'd only ever retrieve about 1000-2000 points at the time.