Not discussed in TFA: BRIN indices. For the given date example, they would be perfect - if you can guarantee that whatever you’re indexing is monotonic, they’re a godsend. Tiny and performant.

Minor correction: you don’t even have to guarantee the data is monotonic, it just performs best when it mostly is (good example is when handling incoming timestamps data on the server so messages/rexords are only generally monotonic but may be processed out of order).

How well do they work for UUIDv7? You’d probably have to tune (increase?) pages_per_range, but even though each index entry is 16 bytes you have to consider the btree index on the same is also similarly affected (or worse).