No, AI are terrible at finding these types of patterns.

You could hypothetically use AI to write algorithms to find the patterns, but people have already spent a long time super-tuning them.

AIs can't even (at least I keep checking) solve Sudokus as well as my mother -- they aren't good with piles of numbers and complex patterns.

AI has been used in astrophysics for a long time, now. AI is more than genAI of the past 3-4 years... Classification tasks are handled by AI now because it's the only thing that gives you some accuracy at scale.