Standard textbook: Isaac Chuang and Michael Nielsen, "Quantum Computation and Quantum Information"

More mathy: A. Yu. Kitaev, A. H. Shen, M. N. Vyalyi, "Classical and Quantum Computation"

A killer app: Peter Shor, "Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer"

Some course notes: https://math.mit.edu/~shor/435-LN/