> The question is, do you have this traffic because of RSS client crawlers that pre-loaded the content or from real users.

I have never seen RSS clients or crawlers preload actual HTML pages. I've only seen them fetching the XML feed and present its contents to the users.

When I talk about visitors arriving at my website from RSS feeds, I am not counting requests from feed aggregators or readers identified by their 'User-Agent' strings. Those are just software tools fetching the XML feed. I'm not talking about them. What I am referring to are visits to HTML pages on my website where the 'Referer' header indicates that the client came from an RSS aggregator service or feed reader.

It is entirely possible that many more people read my posts directly in their feed readers without ever visiting my site, and I will never be aware of them, as it should be. For the subset of readers who do click through from their feed reader and land on my website, those visits are recorded in my web server logs. My conclusions are based on that data.

> I have never seen RSS clients or crawlers preload actual HTML pages

Some setups like ttrss with the mercury plugin will do that to restore full articles to the feed, but its either on-demand or manually enabled per feed. Personally I dont run it on many other than a few more commercial platforms that heavily limit their feed's default contents.

Presumably some the more app based rss readers have such a feature, but I wouldnt know for certain.