You took a left-turn:

Nicotine is on-par with caffeine in isolation.

It’s the rest of the crap in smokes and vapes to be concerned with.

I was surprised to learn nicotine is used by functional doctors to treat CFS-adjacent conditions, and the mechanisms therein.

> You took a left-turn

I certainly didn't; I simply quoted a sentence from the article. (I've noticed that some people have difficulty distinguishing between the person who quotes something and the person being quoted ... it might be a Sally-Anne effect.)

> It’s the rest of the crap in smokes and vapes to be concerned with.

Yes, which makes this article even less reliable.

nicotine is significantly more harmful than caffeine, although it is definitely way better than the other stuff in tobacco and not a carcinogen.

let’s not get started on the CFS stuff, treatments for functional disorders are often placebo-resembling.