Working within the limitations of a medium is a skill as old as time. Often work arounds for the limitations become design features that people come to expect. 3d prints typically use more chamfers than fillets for exactly this reason.

Most of the hobby grade printers are FDM, it's unlikely we'll evolve beyond the limitations of layer lines being a few tenths of a mm. UV resin printers however aren't ridiculously expensive and they have small enough layers that it's completely doable.

Well, you can certainly FDM print layers below one tenth of a millimetre tall even with a 0.2mm nozzle, and stagger horizontal edges the same. The problem is the time cost of doing so with a large object. Even variable layer height burns through a lot of time. There is some work being done with variable layer heights on outer perimeters only so we may get some significant improvements in the future.

I just wish people would, as you are saying, work with and accept the inherent qualities of the medium rather than doing insane, foolish stuff like using carbon-fibre-filled filaments for surface finish.