If you have select * in your code, there already is something wrong with your code, whether it breaks or not: the performance and possibly output of your code is now dependent on the table definition. I'm pretty sure Rich Hickey has also talked about the importance of avoiding non-local dependencies and effects in your code.

The performance and partly the output of the code is always dependent on the table definition. * instead of column names just removes an output limiter, which can be useful or can be irrelevant, depending on the context.

Though sure, known to negatively affect performance, I think in some database systems more than in others?