Client = backend here, right? So you could make a bunch of rows that relate to each other then insert, without having to ping the DB each time to assign a serial ID. Normally the latter is what I do, but I can imagine a scenario where it'd be slow.

The usual flow would be INSERT ... RETURNING id, which gives you the db-generated id for the record you just inserted with no performance penalty. That doesn't work for circular dependencies and it limits the amount of batching you can do. But typically those are smaller penalties than the penalty from having a 128 bit primary key vs a 64 bit key