Graphene based chips would have less thermal loss.

Graphene heat sinks without thermal paste:

"Graphene based CPU coolers" (2025) https://www.pcgamer.com/hardware/processors/cyberpower-begin...

"Graphene thermal pad for AMD CPUs promises 17X better conductivity than thermal paste, 2X improvement over Thermal Grizzly" (2025) https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/thermal-paste/gra...

...

What work can channeled heat do?

"Electrically gated molecular thermal switch" (2023) https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abo4297 ... "Thermal transistors handle heat with no moving parts" (2023) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38270523

FWIU it takes extra heat to heat pipe heat e.g. to a thermal energy recovery area of a datacenter.

New advances in thin-film thermoelectrics for cooling not energy harvesting IIUC: "New thermoelectric cooling breakthrough nearly doubles efficiency" (2025) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45323213