I spent some time in Germany last year and I couldn't believe that the chemical name is somehow different between Europe and the US.

There are essentially 4 layers of naming:

First you've got names that describe the structure in some detail, like the International Chemical Identifier (InChI) & SMILES. For paracetamol, the InChI is `InChI=1S/C8H9NO2/c1-6(10)9-7-2-4-8(11)5-3-7/h2-5,11H,1H3,(H,9,10)`.

One level up is the IUPAC name, a systematic name for a compound which is less descriptive than the InChI but still generally allows determining the structure of that compound. For paracetamol, that's N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide.

Next up you've got generic names for drugs. Different countries have different systems for naming generics, but they're usually designed to give some hint as to the sort of drug it is. E.g. drugs with generic names ending in "-vir" are antivirals. Most names are standardized in the International Nonproprietary Name system¹ but some drugs (particularly older ones) have different generic names in different countries.

Last up you've got the brand names. These will often vary quite a lot & tell you nothing about the drug.

The INN wikipedia article¹ actually uses paracetamol/acetaminophen as the example for comparing various national naming standards.

¹ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_nonproprietary_n...

I believe paracetamol and Tylenol are brand names.