I find your problem to be much easier than the problem faced by a typical language learner. Mathematics literature uses quite a small subset of a language, and in many languages math authors use a lot of equations, which are quite language agnostic.

One way to tackle this problem is to just get started with an LLM. You ask ChatGPT for example, to translate for you, and then you try to figure out what word correspond to what word and keep going. After a while you will need the LLM help less and less.

Who am I to tell you this? I only read math in my native language, and in French and English. But once I wanted to do some calculations using Gauss's Theorema Egregium, so, out of curiosity, I picked up both the English translation of Gauss's original publication, and the original Latin text. I was able to understand sufficient Latin to figure out what Gauss was saying and to find out that the English translation has a bug.

Great to know. Many here suggested LLMs. I have not tried them before for this problem. I assumed they wouldn't work well with old languages that do not dominate the web.