I think a lot of the problems lies in their prompting. AI is usually at its worst when just saying «deploy terraform module». And off it goes spitting out code.

What they should have done as juniors was to have a conversation about the topic and task first. «Help me understand …» learning and planning is especially important with LLM coding.

I don't write terribly complex things: Just data processing pipelines for neuroimaging, but I know I get good results because I take time being specific in my prompts, saying what I want, but also what I don't want, suggesting certain tools, what options I want available, how I want logs, etc. I really does help it to know what you want and relaying that with an effortful prompt.