Most of these are short/long vowel markings, except last one which is (probably) implosion. And rest are frontal/back and wide/narrow A.

But Swedish "Å" is just stupidity "O", because they started pronouncing "O" as "U" and "U" as "Y".

-- Can you pronounce these screams?

The last one is the ogonek, it usually indicates nasalization: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogonek