I don't see how nearly killing the H1B program goes against that pledge. If anything it sounds like something that they could spin as following this pledge.

just like he nearly killed international trade with his 'surprise' tariff announcements?

Whitehouse already clarified the new fees apply to new applicants, not current H1B. It's an opening gambit, designed to shock people and get them to the negotiating table. If not, they will continue to ratchet up the pressure.