printing is never the appropriate tool. You can make your debugger print something when that line of code is reached anyway and automatically continue if you want. So what's the point of pritntf? It's just less information and features.

Let me enumerate. Printf survives debugger restarts, shows up in git diff, usually messes less with the timing, can be exchanged with coworkers or deployed to users and be toggled with logging rules, has the full power of the programming language, the output is easier to run "diff" on to compare runs, works in CI containers, has no problems with mixed language environments...

As far as I'm concerned, breakpoints and backtraces, especially of crashes, are the superpower of debuggers. Where they are not immediately applicable, I usually don't bother.

Nah.

Print debugging optimizes for timing detail and fidelity.

Debuggers optimize for data detail, at the expense of timing detail and fidelity.

In my opinion - timing & order of events is actually more meaningful.

I often don't need the extra data detail, and the debugger is going to change timing in meaningful ways.

Both are skills - both have their place. Know when logs are useful, know when debuggers are useful. Don't get stuck in the fallacy of "The one true way!" - that's the only thing I can promise is bullshit.

If you've never debugged a problem that goes away when a debugger is attached - you're woefully unprepared to have this conversation (It's much rarer, but I can even talk about times where adding a single print line was enough to change timing and make the issue harder to reproduce).

At the very least - with prints you get a tangible record of the order of operations during a reproduction. It doesn't go away, I don't have to remember how many times I've hit continue, I don't have to worry about whether pausing at this breakpoint is changing the world (and it is, because other things keep chugging - the network doesn't give a fuck that you're paused at a break point).

I’m a huge advocate for using debuggers, but saying never print is too dogmatic, and sometimes incorrect. There are plenty of environments where a debugger is not available or very difficult to setup - GPU shaders historically, embedded environments on small/custom hardware, experimental languages, etc.. Printing is both very easy, and often good enough. You should probably reach for a debugger if you keep adding prints and recompiling or if you don’t fix your bug in a couple of minutes. But aside from that, print debugging is useful and has its place, even on occasions when a good debugger is available. Never say never.

I'm firmly in the "use a debugger" camp, but printf is sometimes indispensable when attempting to debug race conditions. By confirming timing invariants hold with printf, you can usually narrow in fairly quickly on the problem. Doing the same in a debugger is much more of a hassle. It's not impossible, certainly, but it's way more of a pain in the ass.

printing should definitely be the tool of last resort.

No one can argue how many keystrokes and brain cycles it saves using a debugger vs going through the task printing every variable.