> An abstraction is a deterministic, pure function

That must be why we talk about leaky abstractions so much.

They're neither pure functions, nor are they always deterministic. We as a profession have been spoilt by mostly deterministic code (and even then, we had a chunk of probabilistic algorithms, depending on where you worked).

Heck, I've worked with compilers that used simulated annealing for optimization, 2 decades ago.

Yes, it's a sea change for CRUD/SaaS land. But there are plenty of folks outside of that who actually took the "engineering" part of software engineering seriously, and understand just fine how to deal with probabilistic processes and risk management.