To some extent, but permissions are very loose on Android (i.e. broad and difficult to fully think through implications in terms of how apps might interact) and in many cases they are not fine-grained enough. For example, without Work Profile it's difficult to compartmentalize to avoid mixing personal and business files and its difficult to say what apps do behind the scenes (say, PDF or word document viewers try to be "helpful" in ways you don't really want) and other intents.