In a sense, all of these coding practices -- whether restricting goto to loops and conditionals, which has broad acceptance these days, or avoiding else to "keep the happy left", or anything else in a coding style guide -- are just doing one thing: restricting the language to a smaller subset of itself.

And in general the primary benefit of such restriction is to reduce cognitive load. Scheme is easier than C++. The downside of such restriction is loss of expressiveness. Whether the net benefit is good depends on how these two things trade off. Experience and developer preference are inputs to that equation, which is why devs fight over coding guidelines. But I think it's helpful to boil it down in this way at a high level.

The ideal is smaller language where the expressiveness you've cut away is only rarely useful, and often error-prone.