> How do you properly profile and debug a random modem in a phone? What about the cameras?

This is a huge factor. Mobile chip sets (CPU/SoC, crypto enclaves, GPU modems/basebands) are buried under NDAs a mile thick, and you can't just whack an oscilloscope on the bus like its 1979. Those companies treat their opaque hardware as their defense against IP theft, they'll never, ever give it up in the current environment.

And the cameras are super complex and require a bunch of DSP and AI to even vaguely work let alone do all the headline features.