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timr 20 hours ago

The words you're looking for are "substantial transformation" [1].

Exporters in country A (with high tariffs on exports to USA) ship partially completed products to country B (with no/lower tariffs to USA), and then do some manufacturing step. Country B then exports completed products to USA.

China was doing this extensively via Mexico under the USMCA [2]. It's not a matter of debate.

[1] https://www.trade.gov/rules-origin-substantial-transformatio...

[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5i3Y14TNqCI