The flip side is that "accountability" often results in people redirecting a disproportionate amount of effort towards covering their own asses. To the point that it results in worse outcomes.

An accountable person isn't encouraged to make the best decisions. He's encouraged to make the most defensible decisions. And Goodhart's law is in full force there: "defensible" and "right" end up at odds quite easily.

Which is why certain systems introduce a lack of accountability on purpose. Ranging from Google's "blameless postmortems" and to the way the accountability of the police or the jury is reduced when they are carrying out their duty.

Systems that don't have this engineered in? When things go wrong, and when the most "defensible" course of action leads to something terrible, they can only hope to have someone with the balls to "take responsibility" - put himself at a great risk and do the right thing, damned be the consequences.