In terms of format string syntax, Rust is extremely similar to Python (and C++'s new std::format is also similar). So in that sense it seems Python-style "{name:fmt}" has won. Though the others don't support arbitrary expressions inside of the string.

On the other hand, you have formatting as an expression that evaluates to a string like f"..." in Python, vs formatting as a set of functions that take the same input format but do various things like printf/snprintf/write!/format!/std::print/std::format... Here it seems Python's approach had too many drawbacks, considering they just added formatted templates t"..." that don't evaluate to a string.

If I were to design a new language, I would use a Python-like "{expr:fmt}" syntax for formatting, but I would make it evaluate to some sort of FormatTemplate object that code can inspect.

> Here it seems Python's approach had too many drawbacks, considering they just added formatted templates t"..." that don't evaluate to a string.

That's not a fair characterization at all, since the plan was always to add something like the t"" strings. Having a version that immediately evaluates to a string is convenient, and adds very little complexity either at the implementation level or conceptually.