1. Perverse incentives [0]

Egypt is a heavily statist country, and energy SoEs like Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC) and their subsidiaries are all ONG heavy. They are also a major employer in Egypt.

This is the one risk that seems to never be mentioned in conversations around renewable energy - the biggest barrier to the energy transition is the job loss implications.

2. Fertilizers [1]

Manufacturing fertilizers requires NatGas for ammonia (NH3) synthesis. Egypt is one of the world's largest fertilizer manufacturing hubs [2]

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This is why ONG+fertlizer heavy countries like Egypt are trying to investigate the feasibility of green hydrogen [3]

[0] - https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/egypt-rushes-catch-u...

[1] - https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/egyptian-fertilizers...

[2] - https://m.youm7.com/story/2024/4/15/%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9...

[3] - https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/the-gr...