>India has an equally large cattle industry that outproduces American dairy and cattle

That's a tad misleading. The statistics I could find only says that India outproduces the US in dairy, not beef. Rounding

>yet their industry has a fraction of the carbon and methane impact as American dairy and cattle rearing [0]

I did a cursory search in your source for "carbon" and "methane" and couldn't find anything to back this claim, only vague claims about how India does "Regenerative farming" and is therefore "low methane".

>because the feed used in Indian industry is crop residue instead of industrialized meat+grain mixtures.

That's not scalable and only works because the country is poor and beef/dairy consumption isn't high. There's no way you can supply American level demand for beef/dairy by only using crop residue.

>American Ag is hyperconsolidated into 3 processors which makes it difficult for innovations to develop, whereas an equally large country like India has 26 state run dairy cooperatives and multiple private sector players.

You can easily tell an opposite story about how consolidate companies have bigger budgets for R&D and capital projects, as opposed to 26 cooperatives each trying to implement some sort of strategy.