US totally does: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/expa... - long-term (8y+) green card holders may need to pay up.

One big difference is that the clock only start ticking after you get green card, whereas with Germany any residence year counts. Oh, and citizens of course aren't affected - since US continues to tax them wherever, but Germany like almost all other countries practices residence-based taxation.

It is very close to being all other countries. AFAIK the only other country that taxes non resident citizens is Eritrea - and the US has said its unfair they do it!