The second author of that paper is the person who got turfed out of Google for refusing to use actual energy consumption and insisting on using their flagrantly wrong estimate of inference energy costs. E.g. the rebuttal by Dean https://x.com/JeffDean/status/1843493504347189746

The number was correct to a reasonable degree under the assumptions stated by the author in the paper that tweet references since they obtained estimates from consumer grade hardware and the carbon intensity associated with average kilowatt produced in the United States not a hyperscale datacentre run using "ML best practices" although this distinction is left out of various lay media citations. The number also did not pertain to inference it was associated with training a particular model from pre-2019.