Do you want BRL-CAD?

https://brlcad.org/

(what you describe sounds a bit like my limited understanding of its UI)

As noted, the usual suspects are LibreCAD, FreeCAD, or if you want to go completely programmatic, OpenSCAD. For the latter, if you already know Python, you might want to consider (Open)PythonSCAD:

https://pythonscad.org/

If you want a graphical front-end using nodes and wires (to reduce syntax errors) there is:

https://github.com/derkork/openscad-graph-editor

You might want to consider a traditional vector drawing program such as Inkscape or Cenon.

Early on in Microsoft's Windows for Pen Computing and Tablet PC efforts there were some very cool programs exactly suited to this sort of thing such as Saltire Sketchright:

https://www.nonvi.com/sm/sr.html

I'd love to see the features from Sketchright in a tool such as:

https://rnote.flxzt.net/

or Inkscape.

> For the latter, if you already know Python, you might want to consider (Open)PythonSCAD

If you know python then build123d(/cadquery) are also options:

https://github.com/gumyr/build123d