Where could it be? The places with abundant energy are where these things establish. US is about at the lower limit. Korea, Taiwan, Japan. China has SMIC and Huawei. But Europe doesn’t have enough energy to run air conditioning. They’d struggle to add more industry. India has power shortages. Africa isn’t reliable. Australia? South America too unstable.

To a degree sure. I think a common architecture should be prioritized to ensure software portability. Similar to x86/x64. Where anyone can make hardware for the platform and porting software is much easier. Returning to the old days of every computer have their own unique architechture is not a good idea. Just caused insane fragmentation and nobody could truely invest in a computer without being worried about not getting certain products or software.

CPU space is definitely easier to disrupt but the GPU space requires a HUGE investment and you're fighting uphill against proprietary technology like CUDA that has become industry standards. Intel, Qualcomm, Samsung and Google have made inroads with budget to mid range which is the highest selling segment. But to compete with Nvidia or AMD on the high end you either need a whole datacenter or many years of R&D with very little return for a long time. Apple would be on this list but they have siloed off themselves entirely.