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Please don't make me tap the "grade school biology is intentionally dumbed down because reality is complex" sign.

There are countless ways someone can have a Y chromosome and still be a woman.

There are countless ways someone can have no Y chromosome and still be a man.

Hell there are even a small population of people who are born visibly female with female genitalia (as every human starts female before they (optionally) sex differentiate in the womb (normally)) and they don't sex differentiate until puberty. [1] [2]

Biology is really really complicated and there is never any certainty other than the certainty that there is never certainty. "Gender" is a completely social construct and "Sex" is just a collection of heuristics we use to broadly group people into two common categories. But just like all heuristics, it's not perfect and it can't classify everyone properly. What sex chromosomes you have is one heuristic but it doesn't always work for any number of reasons. Whether the SRY gene activates during gestation is another heuristic and even it isn't perfect. What organs you have also can work but it falls apart in a bunch of edge cases. What hormones your body produces is another one that can generally work as a heuristic but like all the others it breaks down in numerous cases.

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Intersex people exist and make up about 1.5-2% of the population.

Trans people exist and make up about 1.5-2% of the population.

It is not an insane idea to recognise that both populations exist and that any single heuristic for differentiating someone into a black and white male/female category is insufficient for the endless complexity that is life.

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So to answer your question yes. Someone with XY chromosomes can be a woman either by their gender or by their sex or both.

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1. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-34290981

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%CE%B1-Reductase_2_deficiency