2.2MiB for "Hello, World"? I must be getting old...

The executable takes 33KB in C, 75KB in nim.

By switching to e.g. musl, you can go down to a single megabyte ;)

But in all seriousness, my example is quite cherrypicked, since nobody will actually statically link glibc. And even if they did, one can make use of link-time optimization to remove lots of patches of unused code. Note that this is the same strategy one would employ to debloat their Rust binaries. (Use LTO, don't aggressively inline code, etc.)

Just for fun, I wondered how small a canonical hello world program could be in macOS running an ARM processor. Below is based on what I found here[0] with minor command-line switch alterations to account for a newer OS version.

ARM64 assembly program (hw.s):

  //
  // Assembler program to print "Hello World!"
  // to stdout.
  //
  // X0-X2 - parameters to linux function services
  // X16 - linux function number
  //
  .global _start             // Provide program starting address to linker
  .align 2

  // Setup the parameters to print hello world
  // and then call Linux to do it.

  _start: mov X0, #1     // 1 = StdOut
          adr X1, helloworld // string to print
          mov X2, #13     // length of our string
          mov X16, #4     // MacOS write system call
          svc 0     // Call linux to output the string

  // Setup the parameters to exit the program
  // and then call Linux to do it.

          mov     X0, #0      // Use 0 return code
          mov     X16, #1     // Service command code 1 terminates this program
          svc     0           // Call MacOS to terminate the program

  helloworld:      .ascii  "Hello World!\n"

  as -o hw.o hw.s &&
  ld -macos_version_min 14.0.0 -o hw hw.o -lSystem -syslibroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX15.2.sdk -e _start -arch arm64

  -rwxr-xr-x  1 <uid>  <gid>    16K Jun 18 21:23 hw
  -rw-r--r--  1 <uid>  <gid>   440B Jun 18 21:23 hw.o
  -rw-r--r--  1 <uid>  <gid>   862B Jun 18 21:21 hw.s

We just have large standard libraries now