Sure, 10s is certainly long enough to capture Starlink trails, though 10s exposure is not especially long for an astro photo and you would typically want to take longer exposures or stack multiple shorter ones.

For example, my Seestar S50 takes many 10-second photos to form one exposure. I would normally expect to take 1500 10-second exposures or more for a good picture, perhaps over mutiple nights (although this is very different to a wide-field image like this). A Starlink trail would be very visible in any individual frame, often brighter than stars, and I would expect to capture many individual frames containing starlink trails.