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Poland had homegrown computers in the mid-80s. One of the major Polish computer magazines of the time, Bajtek, was published from 85 [1]

Casually looking in the magazines published in 1985, during the time of the iron curtain, reveals a lot of fun stuff like games and poke codes, but also more serious stuff. Nothing here suggest that home computers where illegal to have at home.

In fact [2] suggest that home computer use in Poland was wide spread.

[1] https://archive.org/details/bajtekmagazine [2] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290109777_Playing_a...

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rasz 3 days ago | parent [-]

In 1985 CoCom, organization controlling export of military tech and assessing possibility of using specific civilian technologies for military purposes, relaxed rules allowing 8-bit computers to go thru.

https://forums.atariage.com/topic/316764-computer-export-to-...

Still all computers with a power exceeding 8 bits, software for computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), software related to sound and image processing and artificial intelligence, as well as software used for testing computer technology were still strictly prohibited.

There were personal computers in Poland before 1985, all smuggled and illegal. Just like owning Dollars, Deutsche Marks and Pounds was illegal yet there was whole chain of official Pewex shops accepting exclusively those currencies. Poland was weird like that.

Klaudiusz Dybowski was chief of Commodore corner in Bajtek. Interview:

"Wywiad z Klaudiuszem Dybowskim" by (Atari Online PL) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IC7zYjrSxo

50:40 timestamp is where he talks how he got his own Commodore 64 into Poland in late 1984 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IC7zYjrSxo&t=3043

>"natomiast Musiałem zostawić sprzęt w urzedzie celnym, bo zglosilem ze przywiozlem komputer, "musi pan to zostawic, teraz musi pan napisac podanie o zezwolenie na posiadanie komputera i wwiezienie go do Polski", i mam to podanie, napisalem je, mam do tego [....] od Zarządu Ruchu Lotniczego i Lotnisk Komunikacyjnych dostalem takie poparcie "bardzo prosimy zeby mozna to bylo wwiesc, komputer bedzie sluzyl do obliczen prodedur itd" i to zanioslem, poczekalem 2 tygodnie i komputer odebralem

>"However, I had to leave the equipment at the customs office, because I reported entering with a computer, "you must leave it with us, now you have to write an application for license to import and own a computer", and I still have this application, I wrote it .... from Zarząd Ruchu Lotniczego i Lotnisk Komunikacyjnych (name of company managing Polish airports at the time, his employer) I received such support "requesting to grant permission, computer will be used for the calculations of airport procedures etc." and I took it, I waited 2 weeks and I received the computer

So as you see even Bajtek chief had to have a license to own mere C64.

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markwrobel 3 days ago | parent [-]

> So as you see even Bajtek chief had to have a license to own mere C64.

This was not the experience of Poles in general in 1985 according to [1][2].

> "There is a wide range on offer at the Warsaw bazaar. There is everything from microcomputers and peripherals through software to services like repairs and hardware modifications. There is no problem with the availability of literature. [...] Among computers for sale the most popular are ZX Spectrum and Commodore 64. [...] Certainly, software is also available.

The above quote is taken from the writing of Patryk Wasiak from 2014, with the title "Playing and copying: social practices of home computer users in Poland during the 1980s" [3].

In [3] there is also mentions of the frequent import of electronics by Poles visiting West Berlin. I find no one mentioning that the equipment bought on the Bazaars should be registered.

Finally, both Poland, and the Soviet Union, in the 80s allowed limited private enterprises in the realm of electronics. All sorts of clones of 8-bit computers, like the ZX Spectrum were available, including a rich ecosystem of peripherals. However, they were generations behind their western counterparts. Surely they were late in the game, but they did not lack creativity.

[1] Roman Poznański, “Informatyka na Perskim,” (Informatics on the Persian Bazaar) Bajtek (October 1985): 24-25.

[2] Link to scan of Bajtek October 1985 https://archive.org/details/bajtek_85_02/page/n23/mode/2up?v...

[3] (PDF) https://atarionline.pl/forum/?PostBackAction=Download&Attach...

	▲	rasz 2 days ago \| parent [-]
		We seem to be talking past each other. This was THE experience of everyone in Poland who didnt straight up smuggle computers _pre_ 1985. Your examples are from 1985, yes in 1985 things finally changed when COCOM modified its stance towards 8-bit machines and Lucjan Daniel Wencel (of LDW/P.Z. Karen/California Dreams fame) negotiated a deal between Atari and Pewex. >I find no one mentioning that the equipment bought on the Bazaars should be registered. Neither anyone mentioned paying taxes or import duty :) because it was all _smuggled_, either hidden from customs or smoothed over with bribes. Another example is Bajtek Atari clan chief editor Wojciech Zientara personally smuggled 600XL from West Germany during one of his commercial cruises, perk of being a sailor. Computer fairs were extremely illegal from every angle possible. Smuggled goods, illegal goods (printers), no taxes, no registered businesses, no license for commerce, renting the place under the umbrella of a Tourist Club „Pod Kamykiem” haha, illegal hard currency exchange https://spidersweb.pl/plus/2021/04/gielda-komputerowa-prl-la... >„Bajtka” napisał o ultimatum. Redakcja odbierze giełdzie patronat, jeśli w ciągu dwóch miesięcy nie zostaną wprowadzone pewne zmiany. Chodziło m.in. o ukrócenie handlu walutami [3] contains a lot of inaccuracies: >COCOM ... obtaining an export license was a mere formality not really, according to my examples 'only if the computer was necessary for the citizen's professional or scientific work' >Moreover, 8-bit home computers were excluded from the list only in 1985 > Pewex in cooperation with state-owned company Karen Karen was a private company, or more accurately Polish subsidiary of American one http://atariki.krap.pl/index.php/P.Z._Karen > Atari was sold in Pewex at the same price as the Commodore C-64 in computer bazaars but became more popular despite a smaller choice of software. Pewex Atari required hard currency while computer fairs accepted plain zlotys. Bajtek/Top Secret/Secret Service own surveys showed ~2x more C64 than Atari in reader hands.