Britain was never rich in natural resources (coal was an exception, but its importance faded). Its strength always lay in:
* Naval and trade dominance (a legacy of Venetian methods, transferred through the Netherlands).
* Financial systems (London as the hub of insurance, lending, and later offshore banking).
* Intelligence networks and manipulation (from the East India Company to MI6).
* Colonial exploitation (enclosures, the Opium Wars, the Bengal famine of 1943, suppression of the Sepoy Rebellion, the exploitation of Ireland, etc.).
This wasn’t "honest" wealth but the result of systemic plunder and control over global flows. And the British elite has never prioritized the well-being of its people: * Enclosures (16th–18th centuries) – Peasants driven off the land for landlord profits.
* The Irish Famine (1845–1849) – Grain was exported to England while millions starved.
* "Divide and rule" policies – From India to Northern Ireland, preventing unity among the oppressed.
* Austerity – Post-2008 budget cuts
Some may say this is in "distant path" but I think this is the root cause while the author focuses just on modern symptoms. The current crisis is the inevitable result of a model where wealth was built not on labor and innovation, but on exploitation and manipulation.