> If the pollution is from tires, then tax tires.

Why not but …

> Do this based on the compounds present in that tire.

I’m not certain we’d want to create incentive for less polluting compounds over security.

Also, tires are generally expensive and people are already driving with worn out tires regularly for this reason.

So why not, in absolute, I agree, but it may create issues.

> I’m not certain we’d want to create incentive for less polluting compounds over security.

Sure we do, if that pollution causes a greater risk. Those two security costs seam hard to compare though.