I don't know whether 2024 models has the LED or not, but there's an unmaskable/global overlay warning for Webcam / Microphone / Location services, and I think they are controlled at Kernel level. You can't bypass these indicators when any software accesses these devices.

These warnings have hysteresis and logging. They don't disappear the moment you close the device, and you can see which app is using which device.

...and no, ambient light sensor handles the true tone and brightness. It's not the camera.