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abdullahkhalids 6 days ago

I would instead give the example of the Hamming code. As you probably know, you can construct a quantum code, the Steane code, which is just analogous to Hamming code.

The Steane code is the simplest triangular color code. i.e. you can arrange all the qubits on a 2D triangular lattice, and only do nearest neighbor interactions [1]. The surface code is a similar quantum code, in which the qubits can also be placed on a 2D lattice, except that lattice is made up of squares.

Why do we care about 2D surfaces and nearest neighbor interactions. Because it makes building quantum hardware easier.

EDIT:

[1] The Steane code's picture is shown here. https://errorcorrectionzoo.org/c/steane Seven data qubits are on the vertices of the triangles. 2 syndrome qubits on each of the faces.