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bix6 9 hours ago

I just don’t understand why a non-profit was allowed to do this. Does this not set a precedent that non-profit doesn’t actually mean anything? You can just use a favorable structure until it’s time to enrich yourself.

granzymes 7 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I think it would be helpful for you to clarify which part of the chain you found objectionable:

- in 2015, OpenAI was founded as a Delaware nonprofit

- in 2017, OpenAI discovered the scaling laws and realized they needed far more compute (and thus money) than they had initially anticipated

- that discovery precipitated a series of negotiations between the founders on how to restructure OpenAI to raise more money for compute, ultimately resulting in Musk’s departure when the other founders would not give him control

- in 2018, OpenAI attempted to dramatically increase its fundraising despite Elon ending his contributions, but raised only $50M of its $100M goal

- in 2019, OpenAI created a capped-profit subsidiary in order to attract funding from commercial entities

- the nonprofit hired an independent assessor to value its IP, and then transferred that IP to the for-profit for fair value (around $60 million in 2019)

- the OpenAI nonprofit received a right to 100x capped return on its IP investment, or $6B, once the for-profit began making a profit. The nonprofit also received the right to the residual profit after all future investors reached their caps

- in 2019, OpenAI’s capped-profit received $1B in investment from Microsoft. OpenAI later received $2B from Microsoft in 2021 and $10B in 2023 as compute scaling continued

- Microsoft received a cap of 20x on its $1B investment, and 6x on its $2B and $10B investments, for a total of $92B target redemption

- in 2025, OpenAI’s for-profit entity recapitalized from a capped-profit entity with residuals flowing to the nonprofit to a traditional public benefit corporation with traditional equity

- in exchange for the residual (and 100x profit cap on the original $60M transfer) the nonprofit received a 26% equity stake in the for-profit. That stake is currently valued at around $200B

All of the above is from the record in Musk v. Altman, thanks to which we now have all the details. The upshot for the nonprofit is that it transferred IP worth around $60M in 2019 for rights to $6B in future profit, and then ended up with $200B in equity after the recapitalization. I see a lot of people in this thread assuming that the nonprofit no longer exists, which is not true.

dooglius 6 hours ago | parent | next [-]

The objectional part would be:

- in 2019, OpenAI created a capped-profit subsidiary in order to attract funding from commercial entities

Particularly if it creates a conflict of interest for anyone making decisions on behalf of the nonprofit

granzymes 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I'm curious why you think that creating a for-profit subsidiary is objectionable, since it is extremely common for large nonprofits. A good example for this forum would be Mozilla, but many more were mentioned during the trial.

Also curious what conflicts of interest you have in mind.

dooglius 33 minutes ago | parent [-]

Just because other organizations do it doesn't make it not objectionable, and there have been many threads on HN criticizing Mozilla's structure along similar lines.

In this case, my understanding is that e.g. Altman is on the nonprofit board and also makes big $$$ from the for-profit, which seems like a pretty big conflict of interest.

93po 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

worse than that is the $60 million sale price, which was comically and absurdly low. Elon himself said he was willing to buy it for significantly more than that and the fact that it wasn't able to go to the highest bidder just shows that it was bullshit

granzymes 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Elon's purchase offer was in 2025, after the success of ChatGPT showed that OpenAI's IP (much if not most of it developed after 2019) could be commercially valuable. I think it is also debatable whether Elon's purchase offer was in good faith.

It was not clear in 2019 that OpenAI's IP would ultimately be worth billions. That was well before the current AI boom.

tyre 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Wait, no, not at all. A non-profit shouldn’t have to take the highest bidder regardless. The whole _point_ of a non-profit is to act beyond purely short-term financial gains.

“Elon buying this doesn’t align with the mission” is a completely normal, reasonable, and healthy response for most non-profits.

What’s great is that we don’t need to speculate about a counter factual. He did end up building a chatbot! Whose defining differentiating feature is revenge porn.

5 hours ago | parent | prev [-]
[deleted]
bix6 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The whole process has been a circus but I found the AG waiver rather frustrating. Nothing like negotiating with a charity to get an IOU that it’ll be charitable. https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bont...

beering 7 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

The OpenAI non-profit is now one of the biggest non-profits in dollar-denominated assets. If the goal was to make the non-profit really big and well-funded then that seems on track. But not clear to me what it would do to advance its mission.

pluc 9 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

There's a lot of things these days that you can't do that are being done.

stingraycharles 9 hours ago | parent [-]

And this is by far one of the more innocent, unfortunately.

mattmaroon an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Most nonprofits don’t have a mission that would benefit from a transition or a trillion dollar product to sell. There would be no real way to profit they wanted to.

tim333 8 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Non profits have always been able to have for profit subsidiaries, owned by the non profit.

wrsh07 6 hours ago | parent [-]

IKEA is a famous example, although they sequenced things in a way many commenters here would probably be fine with

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA_Foundation

throwup238 an hour ago | parent [-]

Other examples include Mozilla Foundation and Mozilla Corporation, the latter of which pays taxes on the money it gets from Google for default search engine placement, and the Smithsonian gift shop, which is a common pattern for museums all over the country. Novo Nordisk is another example, maker of Ozempic, and it’s the richest foundation in the world because it spun off a for-profit that then went public.

IRS requires nonprofits to pay taxes on “unrelated business income” and spinning it off to a for-profit subsidiary is the least risky way of managing that revenue.

siliconc0w 9 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Most startups don't actually make profits and nonprofits can't give equity so it's not really a favorable structure.

Gud 9 hours ago | parent [-]

It’s a favourable structure in many cases.

Not everything is a business.

OpenAI wasn’t, until it was.

rvz 9 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This case was the first of its kind and it was never tested if OpenAI breached their charitable mission and the case was dismissed due to the statute of limitations.

Other than researchers, nobody from big tech would ever see themselves wanting to work at a charity / non-profit. The moment the VCs came into the picture then all the grifters poured in and AGI meant IPO.

> You can just use a favorable structure until it’s time to enrich yourself.

Maybe that diary was made out of teflon.

p1esk 5 hours ago | parent [-]

Other than researchers

Are you saying researchers are less interested in quality of life than other people? If this was true, frontier labs wouldn’t need to offer 7 digit compensation packages to their researchers.

pessimizer 9 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Nonprofit doesn't mean anything, since people can just route the profits into salaries. It's just another legacy regulation that may have once once had a societally-constructive purpose that wealthy people just use as one of the array of financial tools to help implement their latest scams. IMO, here are no legitimate nonprofits.

Western countries have been utterly strangled by nonprofits. Governments fund them with tax money in order to lobby themselves for legislation that financially benefits individuals in government and their donors. Obama even expanded the rules in the US to allow the government to unconstitutionally fund religious groups to accomplish functions that belong in government.

They should all be either reformed so that their internal bylaws and compensation are strictly regulated or probably preferably, they should simply be destroyed. If you only pay taxes on your profits (and we get rid of legal vehicles to hide profits) and your employees are obligated to pay taxes on their incomes, there's no need for a nonprofit status. If nonprofits want to engage in business (religions included), let them pay taxes. If they engage in charity, they won't have anything to tax.

gottorf 9 hours ago | parent | next [-]

> Western countries have been utterly strangled by nonprofits

To expand, there are two major problems with nonprofits in Western nations these days:

1. Governments use them as a way to do things that they themselves are not allowed to do ("it's private charities that do this!", ignoring the fact that the charities get >90% of their revenue from government grants)

2. Like you mentioned, the government grants to nonprofit back to politicians' campaign funds pipeline. Utterly egregious.

> Obama even expanded the rules in the US to allow the government to unconstitutionally fund religious groups to accomplish functions that belong in government

I wasn't aware of this being a big concern; more the other way around, like in my point 1.

bickfordb 8 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

One reform I would make would be to limit tax breaks to actual charitable activity within an organization, instead of a blanket tax break to the whole organization. For example if a Church/Hospital runs a soup kitchen and homeless shelter, those resources should be tax free, but maybe the rest of their activities shouldn't be by default.

Another reform I would make would be around independent governance and removing donor control of charities to reduce the number of sham Rich Guy foundations.

tyre 2 hours ago | parent [-]

> Another reform I would make would be around independent governance and removing donor control of charities to reduce the number of sham Rich Guy foundations.

This one is tough. I mean, look at the Clinton Foundation. One reason to believe that $1 there is more effective than somewhere else is _because_ the Clinton’s are closely involved.

Of course, you get massive donations there because people want to influence the Clintons and/or _through_ the Clintons. Would those people / states donate otherwise? Would they donate to _better_ organizations? Maybe! Maybe not!

* Also I’m not saying the Clinton Foundation is more/less effective. You’re almost certainly better donating to GiveDirectly, but it’s not on its face ridiculous to think that they, specifically, could effect a _different_ type of change than others would have access to/influence over.

outside1234 8 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

It should not surprise you to learn that Greg Brockman is a Trumper and major donor.

It should also not surprise you that the Epstein files have not been released.

Everything is possible and not possible in a corrupted system.

NDlurker 7 hours ago | parent [-]

He's from North Dakota, just like Doug Burgum. Lot of Trump cultists in ND