Do you give Claude the screenshot as a file? If so I’d just ask it to write a tool to diff each asset to every possible location in the source image to find the most likely position of each asset. You don’t really need recognition if you can brute force the search. As a human this is roughly what I would do if you told me I needed to recreate something like that with pixel perfect precision.

Ok! will give it a shot. In a few iterations I gave him screenshots, i have given him the ability to take screenshots, and I gave him the Playwright MCP. I kind of gave up on the path you're suggesting (though I didn't get super far along) because I felt like I would run into this problem eventually of needing a model to figure out what a planet is, where the edge of the planet is, etc.

But if that could be done deterministically, I totally agree this is the way to go. I'll put some more time into it over the next couple weeks.