Remix.run Logo
felixfurtak 3 hours ago

OpenAI is basically just Netscape at this point. An innovative product with no means of significant revenue generation.

One one side it's up against large competitors with an already established user base and product line that can simply bundle their AI offerings into those products. Google will do just what Microsoft did with Internet Explorer and bundle Gemini in for 'Free' with their already other profitable products and established ad-funded revenue streams.

At the same time, Deepseek/Qwen, etc. are open sourcing stuff to undercut them on the other side. It's a classic squeeze on their already fairly dubious business model.

edouard-harris 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

> with no means of significant revenue generation.

OpenAI will top $20 billion in ARR this year, which certainly seems like significant revenue generation. [1]

[1] https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/06/sam-altman-says-openai-will-...

stack_framer 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I can generate $20 billion in ARR this year too! I just need you to give me $100 billion and allow me to sell each of your dollars for 0.2 dollars.

bgirard 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

It's a fun trope to repeat but that's not what OpenAI is doing. I get a ton of value from ChatGPT and Codex from my subscription. As long as the inference is not done at a lost this analogy doesn't hold. They're not paying me to use it. They are generating output that is very valuable to me. Much more than my subscription cost.

I've been able to help setup cross app automation for my partner's business, remodel my house, plan a trip of Japan and assist with the cultural barrier, vibe code apps, technical support and so much more.

bloppe 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

To be fair, I would get a ton of value out of someone selling dollars for 20 cents apiece.

But ya, OAI is clearly making a ton of revenue. That doesn't mean it's a good business, though. Giving them a 20 year horizon, shareholders will be very upset unless the firm can deliver about a trillion in profit, not revenue, to justify the 100B (so far) in investment, and that would barely beat the long term s&p 500 average return.

But Altman himself has said he'll need much more investment in the coming years. And even if OAI became profitable by jacking up prices and flooding gpt with ads, the underlying technology is so commodified, they'd never be able to achieve a high margin, assuming they can turn a profit at all.

littlestymaar an hour ago | parent [-]

I'd be a little bit more nuanced:

I think there's something off with their plans right now: it's pretty clear at this point that they can't own the technological frontier, Google is just too close already and from a purely technological PoV they are much better suited to have the best tech in the medium term. (There's no moat and Google has way more data and compute available, and also tons of cash to burn without depending on external funding).

But ChatGPT is an insane brand and for most (free) customers I don't think model capabilities (aka “intelligence”) are that important. So if they stopped training frontier models right now and focus on driving their costs low by optimizing their inference compute budget while serving ads, they can make a lot of money from their user base.

But that would probably mean losing most of its paying customers over the long run (companies won't be buying mediocre token at a premium for long) and more importantly it would require abandoning the AGI bullshit narrative, which I'm not sure Altman is willing to do. (And even if he was, how to do that without collapsing from lack of liquidity due to investors feeling betrayed is an open question).

bloppe 2 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

The best way to drive inference cost down right now is to use TPUs. Either that or invest tons of additional money and manpower into silicon design like Google did, but they already have a 10 year lead there.

riffraff 38 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

> But ChatGPT is an insane brand

I mean, so was netscape.

cmiles8 8 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

This. Netscape was THE browser in the early phases of the Internet. Then Microsoft just packaged IE into Windows and it was game over. The brand means nothing long term. If Google broadly incorporates Gemini into all the Google-owned things everyone already has then it’s game over for OpenAI.

The mass commission of the tech is rapidly driving AI to be a feature, not a product. And Google is very strongly positioned to take advantage of that. Microsoft too, and of course they have a relationship with OpenAI but that’s fraying.

littlestymaar 18 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Maybe, I was too young to remember that.

felixfurtak 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

All of which you will be able to do with your bundled assistant in the not-to-distant future.

OpenAI is a basket case:

- Too expensive and inconvenient to compete with commoditized, bundled assistants (from Google/ Microsoft/Apple)

- Too closed to compete with cheap, customizable open-source models

- Too dependent on partners

- Too late to establish its own platform lock-in

It echoes what happened to:

- Netscape (squeezed by Microsoft bundling + open protocols)

- BlackBerry (squeezed by Apple ecosystem + open Android OS)

- Dropbox (squeezed by iCloud, Google Drive, OneDrive + open tools like rclone)

When you live between giants and open-source, your margin collapses from both sides.

deathhand 3 minutes ago | parent [-]

So why does Salesforce still prosper? They are just a fancy database.

munk-a 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

As a developer - ChatGPT doesn't hold a candle compared to claude for coding related tasks and under performs for arbitrary format document parsing[1]. It still has value and can handle a lot of tasks that would amaze someone in 2020 - but it is simply falling behind and spending much more doing so.

1. It actually under performs Claude, Gemini and even some of the Grok models for accuracy with our use case of parsing PDFs and other rather arbitrarily formatted files.

tartoran an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

There's no doubt you're getting a lot of value from OpenAI, I am too. And yes the subscription is a lot more value than what you pay for. That's because they're burning investor's money and it's not something that is sustainable. Once the money runs out they'll have to jack up prices and that's the moment of truth, we'll see what users are willing to pay for what. Google or another company may be able to provide all that much cheaper.

rglullis 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> They're not paying me to use it.

Of course they are.

> As long as the inference is not done at a loss.

If making money on inference alone was possible, there would be a dozen different smaller providers who'd be taking the open weights models and offering that as service. But it seems that every provider is anchored at $20/month, so you can bet that none of them can go any lower.

FeepingCreature 9 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

> If making money on inference alone was possible, there would be a dozen different smaller providers who'd be taking the open weights models and offering that as service.

There are! Look through the provider list for some open model on https://openrouter.ai . For instance, DeepSeek 3.1 has a dozen providers. It would not make any sense to offer those below cost because you have neither moat nor branding.

dragonwriter 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

> If making money on inference alone was possible

Maybe, but arguably a major reason you can't make money on inference right now is that the useful life of models is too short, so you can't amortize the development costs across much time because there is so much investment in the field that everyone is developing new models (shortening useful life in a competitive market) and everyone is simultaneously driving up the costs of inputs needed for developing models (increasing the costs that have to be amortized over the short useful life). Perversely, the AI bubble popping and resolving those issues may make profitability much easier for the survivors that have strong revenue streams.

jfb 34 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

That the product is useful does not mean the supplier of the product has a good business; and of course, vice versa. OpenAI has a terrible business at the moment, and the question is, do they have a plausible path to a good one?

mirthflat83 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Well, don't you think you're getting a ton of value because they're selling each of their dollars for 0.2 dollars?

steveBK123 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

If the subscription cost 5x as much would you still pay and feel you are getting such a great value?

dosinga 28 minutes ago | parent [-]

If there are no free alternatives, yes. 100 USD a month for ChatGPT seems great value

ReptileMan 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

>. As long as the inference is not done at a lost this analogy doesn't hold.

I think that there were some article here that claimed that even inference is done at loss - and talking about per subscriber. I think it was for their 200$ subscription.

In a way we will be in a deal with it situation soon where they will just impose metered models and not subscription.

eli_gottlieb 23 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

We should perhaps say profit when we are talking about revenue - cost and revenue when we only mean the first term in the subtraction.

umanwizard an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This analogy only really works for companies whose gross margin is negative, which as far as I know isn’t the case for OpenAI (though I could be wrong).

It’s an especially good analogy if there is no plausible path to positive gross margin (e.g. the old MoviePass) which I think is even less likely to be true for OpenAI.

techblueberry 27 minutes ago | parent [-]

Why is it that I feel like your confidence in OpenAI's path to profitability exceeds Sam Altman's?

bibimsz an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

!

postflopclarity 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

very clever! I hadn't seen anybody make this point before in any of these threads /s

obviously the nature of OpenAIs revenue is very different than selling $1 for $0.2 because their customers are buying an actual service, not anything with resale value or obviously fungible for $

runako an hour ago | parent [-]

FWIW the selling $1 for $0.2 is widely applied to any business that is selling goods below cost.

For example: free shipping at Amazon does not have resale value and is not obviously fungible, but everyone understands they are eating a cost that otherwise would be borne by their customers. The suggestion is that OpenAI is doing similar, though it is harder to tease out because their books are opaque.

signatoremo 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Can you? What are you selling? Who are you and why should I believe in you? What would I get in return?

stavros an hour ago | parent [-]

He can. He's selling dollars. He's a person who sells dollars for fewer dollars. You'd get dollars.

riku_iki 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> Altman says that OpenAI will top $20 billion in ARR this year, which certainly seems like significant revenue generation. [1]

fixed this for you

raw_anon_1111 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

And lose how much money doing it?

unsupp0rted 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Can he safely lie about that? Or would that be a slam-dunk lawsuit against him? He's already got Elon Musk on his enemies list.

317070 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

People need to understand that OpenAI is not a publicly traded company. Sam is allowed to be outrageously optimistic about his best case scenarios, as long as he is correct with OpenAI's investors. But those investors are not "the public", so he can publicly state pretty much anything he wants, as long as it is not contradicting facts.

So he cannot say "OpenAI made 20B profit last year." but can say "OpenAI will make 20B revenue next year." Optimism is not a crime.

riku_iki 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

I am not a lawyer, but it is possible he can say whatever he wants without consequences to public because OAI is not a public company.

cmiles8 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Kind of, but there are limits. The investors still have LPs who aren’t going to be happy if things get messy. Things can still get really ugly even for a private company.

azemetre an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Most of the credit being throwing around isn't coming from traditional banking companies, mostly private credit being utilized.

Private credit isn't really unregulated.

If you're interested in learning more I believe Matt Stoller has written a few articles about the private credit markets.

sethops1 an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

The LPs are eyeing that $1 trillion IPO to dump on retail. They don't care what Sam says until then.

cmiles8 5 minutes ago | parent [-]

That ship has sailed. CNBC talks about the AI bubble and over-valuation every day. Retail investors won’t touch OpenAI. It’s increasingly looking like these LPs will be, to quote a great movie about the financial crisis, “left holding the greatest bag of odorus excrement in the history of capitalism.”

echelon 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

In 2024, OpenAI claimed the bulk of its revenue was 70-80% through consumer ChatGPT subscriptions. That's wildly impressive.

But now they've had an order of magnitude revenue growth. That can't still be consumer subscriptions, right? They've had to have saturated that?

I haven't seen reports of the revenue breakdown, but I imagine it must be enterprise sales.

If it's enterprise sales, I'd imagine that was sold to F500 companies in bulk during peak AI hype. Most of those integrations are probably of the "the CEO has tasked us with `implementing an AI strategy`" kind. If so, I can't imagine they will survive in the face of a recession or economic downturn. To be frank, most of those projects probably won't pan out even under the rosiest of economic pictures.

We just don't know how to apply AI to most enterprise automation tasks yet. We have a long way to go.

I'd be very curious to see what their revenue spread looks like today, because that will be indicative of future growth and the health of the company.

cheschire 2 hours ago | parent [-]

With less than 10% of users paying for a subscription, I doubt they have saturated.

debugnik 2 hours ago | parent [-]

I'm reading 5% on a quick search. Isn't that an unsurprising conversion rate for a successful app with a free tier? Why would it increase further in ChatGPT's case, other than by losing non-paying customers?

searls 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It would be funny if OpenAI turns for-profit, faceplants, and then finds new life (as Mozilla did) as a non-profit sharing its tools for free.

felixfurtak 2 hours ago | parent [-]

This is pretty much all that OpenAI is at the moment.

Mozilla is a non-profit that is only sustained by the generous wealthy benefactor (Google) to give the illusion that there is competition in the browser market.

OpenAI is a non-profit funded by a generous wealthy benefactor (Microsoft).

Ideas of IPO and profitability are all just pipe dreams in Altmans imagination.

elAhmo 2 hours ago | parent [-]

> Mozilla is a non-profit that is only sustained by the generous wealthy benefactor (Google) to give the illusion that there is competition in the browser market.

Good way of phrasing things. Kinda sad to read this, I tried to react with 'wait there is competition in the browser market', but it is not a great argument to make - without money for using Google as a default search engine, Mozilla would effectively collapse.

dragonwriter 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> Google will do just what Microsoft did with Internet Explorer and bundle Gemini in for 'Free' with their already other profitable products and established ad-funded revenue streams.

“will do”? Is there any Google product they haven't done that with already?

asdfman123 14 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I know it's been said before but it's slightly insane they're trying to compete on a hot new tech with a company with 1) a top notch reputation for AI and 2) the largest money printer that has ever existed on the planet.

Feel like the end result would always be that while Google is slow to adjust, once they're in the race they're in it it.

bibimsz an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

anecdotal, but my wife wasn't interested in switching to claude from chatgpt. as far as she's concerned chatgpt knows her, and she's got her assistant perfectly tuned to her liking.

tofuahdude an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Same situation over here. Multiple family members only know chatgpt / think that chatgpt knows them and have never heard of the competitors.

munchler an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

ChatGPT is to AI as Facebook is to social media. OpenAI captured a significant number of users due to first-mover advantage, but that advantage is long gone now.

felixfurtak 31 minutes ago | parent [-]

And Facebook only makes money because it is essentially just an advertising platform. Same with Google. It's fundametally just ads.

The only way OpenAI can survive is to replicate this model. But it probably doesn't have the traffic to pull it off unless it can differentiate itself from the already crowded competition.

woopwoop 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Maybe? But you could have written this same thing in 1999 with OpenAI and Google replaced by Google and Yahoo, respectively.

raw_anon_1111 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

And Google had profits - not just revenue - early on and wasn’t setting $10 on fire to have a $1 in revenue.

dmoy 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Well maybe not in 1999. Adwords didn't launch until 2000? Google's 1999 revenue was...... I forget, but it was incredibly small. Costs were also incredibly small too though, so this isn't a good analogy given the stated year of 1999.

wat10000 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Google in 1999 was already far superior to Yahoo and other competitors. I don't think OpenAI is in a similar position there. It seems debatable as to whether they're even the best, let alone a massive leap ahead of everyone else the way Google was.

ur-whale 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Agree.

And GOOG is not a one trick poney any more, by far, especially when it comes to revenue.

Can't say the same of OpenAI

ascorbic 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> An innovative product with no means of significant revenue generation.

OpenAI has annualized revenue of $20bn. That's not Google, but it's not insignificant.

ethin 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

It is insignificant when they're spending more than $115bn to offer their service. And yes, I say "more than," not because I have any inside knowledge but because I'm pretty sure $115bn is a "kind" estimate and the expenditure is probably higher. But either way, they're running at a loss. And for a company like them, that loss is huge. Google could take the loss as could Microsoft or Amazon because they have lots of other revenue sources. OAI does not.

Spooky23 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Google is embedding Gemini into Chrome Developer Tools. You can ask for an analysis of individual network calls in your browser by clicking a checkbox. That's just an example of the power of platform. They seem to be better at integration than Microsoft.

OpenAI has this amazing technology and a great app, but the company feels like some sort of financial engineering nightmare.

cmiles8 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

We live in crazy times, but given what they’ve spent and committed to that’s a drop in the bucket relative to what they need to be pulling in. They’re history if they can’t pump up the revenue much much faster.

Given that we’re likely at peak AI hype at the moment they’re not well positioned at all to survive the coming “trough of disillusionment” that happens like clockwork on every hype cycle. Google, by comparison, is very well positioned to weather a coming storm.

XorNot an hour ago | parent [-]

Google survives because I still Google things, and the phone I'm typing this on is a Google product.

Whereas I haven't opened the ChatFPT bookmark in months and will probably delete it now that I think about it.

scrollop an hour ago | parent [-]

RIP privacy.

Hello Stasi Google and its full personalised file on XorNot.

Google knows when you're about to sneeze.

cheald 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

And a $115b burn rate. They're toast if they can't figure out how to stay on top.

nfRfqX5n 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Could say that about any AI company that isn’t at the top as well

elAhmo 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

You can say it about the AI companies, but Google or Microsoft are far from AI companies.

tartoran an hour ago | parent [-]

That's a good point. Google was sleeping on AI and wasn't able to come up with a product before OpenAI and they only scrambled to come out with something when OpenAi became all the rage. Big companies are hard to budge and move in a new direction.

hbn 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Google and Microsoft have existing major money printing businesses to keep their AI business afloat and burn money for a while. That's how Microsoft broke into gaming (and then squandered it years later for unrelated incompetence)

OpenAI doesn't have that.

echelon 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Every F500 CEO told their team "have an AI strategy ASAP".

In a year, when the economy might be in worse shape, they'll ask their team if the AI thing is working out.

What do you think happens to all the enterprise OpenAI contracts at that point? (Especially if the same tech layperson CEOs keep reading Forbes and hearing Scott Galloway dump on OpenAI and call the AI thing a "bubble"?)

raw_anon_1111 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I will change a few lines of code and use another AI model?

bangaladore 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Yeah- given all top AI models are more and more generalists, as time goes on there is less and less reason to use one over another.

raw_anon_1111 2 hours ago | parent [-]

It’s really even easier than that. I already do all my work on AWS and use Bedrock that hosts every popular model and its own except for OpenAIs closed source models.

I have a reusable library that lets me choose between any of the models I choose to support or any new model in the same family that uses the same request format.

Every project I’ve done, it’s a simple matter of changing a config setting and choosing a different model.

If the model provider goes out of business, it’s not like the model is going to disappear from AWS the next day.

echelon 2 hours ago | parent [-]

> Bedrock

This sounds so enterprise. I've been wanting to talk to people that actually use it.

Why use Bedrock instead of OpenRouter, Fal, etc.? Doesn't that tie you down to Amazon forever?

Isn't the API worse? Aren't the p95 latencies worse?

The costs higher?

raw_anon_1111 an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Given a choice between being “locked in” to a major cloud provider and trusting your business to a randomish little company, you are never going to get a compliance department to go for the latter. “no one ever got fired for choosing AWS”.

This is the API - it’s basically the same for all supported languages

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/code-library/latest/ug/python_3_...

Real companies aren’t concerned about cost as much as working with other real companies, compliance, etc and are comparing cost or opportunities between doing a thing and not doing a thing.

One of my specialties is call centers. Every call deflected by using AI vs talking to a human agent can save from $5 - $15.

Even saving money by allowing your cheaper human agents to handle a problem where they are using AI in the background, can save money. $15 saved can buy a lot of inference.

And the lock in boogeyman is something only geeks care about. Migrations from one provider to another costs so much money at even a medium scale they are hardly ever worth it between the costs, distractions from doing value added work, and risks of regressions and downtime.

bangaladore an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Bedrock is a lot more than just a standard endpoint. Also, the security guarantees.

bibimsz an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

on less vendor to vet, one less contract to negotiate, one less 3rd party system to administer. you're already locked into AWS anyway. integrates with other AWS services. access control is already figured out.

echelon 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Are all of their sales their code gen model? And isn't there a lot of competition in the code gen space from Google and Anthropic?

I'd imagine they sold these to enterprise:

https://openai.com/business/

"ChatGPT for Business", sold per seat

"API Platform"

I could see the former getting canned if AI isn't adding value.

Developers can change the models they use frequently, especially with third party infrastructure like OpenRouter or FAL.

riku_iki 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

> What do you think happens to all the enterprise OpenAI contracts at that point?

they will go to google if it wins the AI race.

jmyeet 17 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Oh God I love the analogy of OpenAI being Netscape. As someone who was an adult in the 1990s, this is so apt. Companies at that time were trying to build a moat around the World Wide Web. They obviously failed. I've thought that OpenAI too would fail but I've never thought about it like Netscape and WWW.

OpenAI should be looking at how Google built a moat around search. Anyone can write a Web crawler. Lots of people have. But no one else has turned search into the money printing machine that Google has. And they've used that to fund their search advantage.

I've long thought the moat-buster here will be China because they simply won't want the US to own this future. It's a national security issue. I see things like DeepSeek is moat-busting activity and I expect that to intensify.

Currently China can't buy the latest NVidia chips or ASML lithography equipment. Why? Because the US said so. I don't expect China to tolerate this long term and of any country, China has desmonstrated the long-term commitment to this kind of project.